The historic city of Benin, Nigeria, has marked a significant milestone with the opening of the first building of the Museum of West African Art (MOWAA) Institute on November 4, 2024. Designed by the renowned Adjaye Associates, the museum aims to become a regional hub for archaeology, conservation, heritage management, and museum practice.
Set amidst the ancient moats of the Benin Kingdom, the first phase of the MOWAA Institute spans 4,000 square meters and features an auditorium, conservation laboratory, exhibition space, library, conference rooms, offices, and an outdoor amphitheater. Built using rammed earth construction techniques, the structure merges modern design with traditional sustainable building methods.
The Vision Behind MOWAA
According to Phillip Ihenacho, the Executive Director and Chairman of MOWAA, this first building serves as the core engine for the entire campus, which is expected to include additional facilities such as:
- Rainforest Gallery
- Artisan Hall (performance and retail space for local craftsmen)
- Material Science Lab
- Boutique Hotel and Gardens
- Sculpture Park
The entire campus project is estimated to cost around $100 million, including an endowment fund to ensure long-term operational sustainability. Currently, MOWAA has successfully raised $20 million from key sponsors such as the Edo State Government, German and Nigerian Governments, Gerda Henkel Foundation, Open Society Foundation, Ford Foundation, and the Mellon Foundation, which recently pledged $3 million towards training programs and art residencies.
A Unique Archaeological Experience
One of the highlights of the institute’s opening is a live archaeological dig on the museum grounds. In collaboration with the British Museum, the German Archaeological Institute, and the Nigerian National Commission for Museums and Monuments, the dig has unearthed historical artifacts, including pottery dating back 800 years.
The finds from these excavations will be featured in the institute’s inaugural exhibition, set to open in May 2025. This exhibition promises to blend ancient artifacts with contemporary art, offering visitors a comprehensive view of West African heritage and creativity.
A Hub for Conservation and Heritage Management
At the heart of MOWAA’s mission lies conservation and education. Ore Disu, the Director of the Institute, emphasized the need to address conservation challenges unique to tropical climates. Unlike methods developed in temperate regions, MOWAA aims to explore and incorporate indigenous conservation technologies.
Disu highlighted ongoing discussions with museums in Nigeria, Senegal, and Ghana to address regional conservation needs. Plans are underway for cross-border collaboration, where conservators and collections staff from neighboring countries can participate in training programs at MOWAA.
No Benin Bronzes – For Now
While many initially expected MOWAA to house repatriated Benin Bronzes, this vision shifted in 2023 when the Nigerian government declared the Oba of Benin as the rightful custodian of these historical treasures.
Phillip Ihenacho clarified that while MOWAA remains open to conserving and exhibiting the bronzes, the institution aims to avoid entanglement in ownership disputes. Instead, the focus remains on creating a space dedicated to education, training, and sustainable heritage management.
Training the Next Generation of Experts
MOWAA’s training programs, supported by the Mellon Foundation, aim to equip a new generation of professionals with expertise in museum practice, conservation science, and heritage management. These programs will include residencies, workshops, and skill-sharing initiatives.
Economic and Cultural Impact
The MOWAA campus is poised to become a major tourist attraction and economic driver for Edo State. Beyond its cultural significance, the institute will create job opportunities, boost local craftsmanship, and foster international collaborations.
Future Phases of Development
While the current focus remains on finalizing funding for the next phases of construction, MOWAA is optimistic about securing additional investments. The institute aims to gradually roll out its Rainforest Gallery, Artisan Hall, and other key facilities in the coming years.
Final Thoughts
The opening of the Museum of West African Art (MOWAA) Institute marks a transformative moment for Benin City and West African cultural heritage. With its emphasis on sustainability, education, and regional collaboration, MOWAA is set to become a beacon of cultural preservation.
For visitors, researchers, and cultural enthusiasts, the institute offers an unparalleled opportunity to engage with West Africa’s rich history and innovative future. As the campus expands, it promises to solidify its place as one of Africa’s premier cultural and educational institutions.
Stay tuned for updates as MOWAA continues to grow and redefine the landscape of museum and heritage management in Nigeria and beyond.
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